Post the guests log file ( as an attachment ). Right click on the guest in the Main Manager then click show log. Save and post as an attachment. Compress if it is too large to post.
Also we need to know exactly which version of Ubuntu you installed.
I have been seeing the black screen on occasion as well when 3D in enabled. My solution ( until the cause is found and fixed ) is to remove the 5.2 guest additions and install the 5.1.30 ones that do seem to work with 3D enabled. I believe this is all stemming from the conflicts of the distros and VirtualBox trying to get along with their different approaches and they are working on it.