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After upgrading my guest system I usually need to reinstall guest additions for the features to continue working .. However, this time, Guest Additions won't install after the latest upgrade on my Guest system. I am running 4.0.4 on OSX 10.6.7 with Ubuntu 10.10 as my guest system. Here is the output from VBoXlinuxAdditions.run:

Verifying archive integrity... All good.
Uncompressing VirtualBox 4.0.4 Guest Additions for Linux.........
VirtualBox Guest Additions installer
Removing installed version 4.0.4 of VirtualBox Guest Additions...
Removing existing VirtualBox DKMS kernel modules ...done.
Removing existing VirtualBox non-DKMS kernel modules ...done.
Building the VirtualBox Guest Additions kernel modules
The headers for the current running kernel were not found. If the
following
module compilation fails then this could be the reason.
...fail!
Your system does not seem to be set up to build kernel modules.
Look at /var/log/vboxadd-install.log to find out what went wrong.
Once you have corrected it, you can run

/etc/init.d/vboxadd setup

to build them.

Doing non-kernel setup of the Guest Additions ...done.
Installing the Window System drivers
Installing X.Org Server 1.9 modules ...done.
Setting up the Window System to use the Guest Additions ...done.
You may need to restart the hal service and the Window System (or just
restart
the guest system) to enable the Guest Additions.

Installing graphics libraries and desktop services components ...done.

The following from the FAQ solved this problem, however, it was very strange that I never had to install these packages before and I've been using GA for 2 major releases.

System preparations
After you have installed your Linux Guest system, there are a few additional packages needed for the Guest Additions. These packages enables you to create kernel modules. For Debian and Debian based distro's like Ubuntu, you need the following packages:

dkms
build-essential
linux-headers-generic

Just run:

# apt-get install dkms build-essential linux-headers-generic